Book Review Of The Name Of The Rose: The Name Of The Truth Essay

Imagine a medieval Benedictine monastery, with cellarers, herbalists, gardeners, bibliothecs, young novices. unitary after the other, half a dozen monks are found murdered in the most bizarre ways, and the reader very quickly finds out that the monastery, supposedly a place of piety and tranquility is the place of sin and corruption. William of Baskerville, a learned Franciscan who is sent to solve the mystery finds himself involved in the stimulate events inside the abbey. This is the story of "The Name of the Rose" by Umberto Eco. It is the year 1327 when William of Baskerville and his young scribe (Adso of Melk, who narrates the story many years later) arrive at the monastery. The monastery contains the greatest subroutine library of Christianity. The monks live "by books and for books" (351), however, only the librarian and his assistant are allowed to enter the stacks in the labyrinth of the library. The reason is that there are thousands of books by pagan, J ewish, Arab authors, and the librarian has the sovereign power to decide whose mind is mature enough to view these "heresies" (340). Naturally, the forbidden library, like heaven, becomes the place that all the monks crave for. Strange intrigues develop among the monks, and shortly turn to murder. A gifted young illuminator, Adelmo, is killed the next morning a second monk is found dead, plunged head first into a barrel of pigs blood. astonishingly enough, toward the end of the book it turns ou...

Technology: Past, Present, and Future Essay examples -- Automobiles Ca

Technology Past, Present, and FutureRemember the days of the Old westernmost? The women walked around with their parasols or rode in a horse drawn carriage and the men rode fast and furious on their horses. Everything you needed was right there in townsfolk the saloon, the general store, and the barber. When one needed to get somewhere, they would walk. If they needed to travel far, there were steam-powered locomotives. As towns and cities grew larger, it was not so convenient to walk everywhere. at that place was a need for a machine that could get us around to where we had to go. Technology was becoming a bigger part of the times and the machine we immediately know today as the automobile was invented. Millions of people throughout the populace depend on the automobile to take them from place to place in their sprightly lives. Take a second to think about how difficult your life was before you began to drive. You had to ask family and friends to drive you to school, work and wherever you wanted to go. Now gauge there are no cars for us to drive. How different would our lives be? In Cars and Their Enemies, James Q. Wilson looks at this very question. He examines how are lives would be affected if suddenly today, the car was built. Wilson also challenges those who are skeptical about the use of the car and defends his view that the car is a necessity. Imagine we live in a world of only public transportation. If we wanted to get away, we would have to ride a bike or walk. We would have to shop only for what we could hold. We would have to work besotted to our homes or take a bus. In other words, our lives would be quite hectic. Now suppose the idea of building a personal automobile is proposed to us. Do we jump at the chance or cower away from it? W... ...gain. So in fifty years when youre getting ready to cruise around town in your brand new twenty four-caret gold painted, voice activated, battery powered hovercraft, dont forget to grab your wallet. Youre going to need to have your software license, photocopying license, net in behave license, listening license, reading license, oh and dont forget your drivers license. If the future of technology comes to this, then all of these licenses are a definite possibility. It may take many years to come to this but if it happens we have to be ready. So in the words of a famous credit card company, Dont leave home without it. Works CitedSamuelson, Pamela. The Digital Rights War. The charge of Others. Boston Bedford/St. Martins, 2000. 315-321 Wilson, James Q. Cars and Their Enemies. The Presence of Others. Boston Bedford/St. Martins, 2000. 303-314

What to do about Music Videos? :: Essays Papers

What to do about Music Videos? What did he say? Have you stopped lately and really listened and watched the medicament of today? Music has been used in various forms since early human history. According to the Encarta Encyclopedia, Music is the organized movement of sounds through with(predicate) a continuum of time. Music plays a role in all societies and its exists in a large number of styles, each characteristic of a geographical region or a historical era. Music has a been and is presently used in different cultures for different reasons. Music can be associated with religious establishments, dancing, theater, concerts, recording devices, and through out televisions. Overall, it has always been a form of expressing oneself. Specifically, music is as unique as each person here, but should artists express themselves in ways that telldy influence our three-year-old people? In 1981, our televisions began to introduce visual expression into our homes through music videos. I t was the first advertised-supported televisions network and it was call MTV. In 1985, VH1 was launched as a second network playing a popular music format as opposed to the rock format shown on MTV. For the first time, viewers could see their favorite songs performed and expressed without going to a concert. This allowed our young people to see a world not as readily available before. Music videos in and of itself is not something that can be considered the absolute cause, but rather the catalysis that for some young people gives them the ideas and impressions to look or act in a certain way. Today young people are anxiously looking older and determined to grow up faster than ever before. They have well-knit desires to emulate some of these performers. In a recent Newsweek magazine, an article was featured about Brittany Spears. She was cited for changing her image in recent concerts and videos to appear much more than seductive. As a 17 year old performer, her outfits consist a bout skin-tight, sexy attire worn during provocative dance sequences. Through the artists use of videos, young people have been encouraged to walk the walk. As a parent of young children, I am very concerned of the influence music and its artists might have on them. Hopefully, as adults we will try to continue to monitor this situation. A rap singer, Todd Smith, also known as LL Cool J is a father of four living in Westchester County, New York.

Summary and Analysis of One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest :: Ken Kesey Novel Film Movies Literature Essays

Summary and Analysis of One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest1.1Presentation of the theme and my motive to choose itI chose the egress about One Flew Over The Cuckoos Nest written by Ken Kesey in 1962 for my research paper because my mother told me old age ago of the accompanying film and how interesting it is. Two years ago a friend of mine came back from his exchange programme in the fall in States of America. He told me that he and his theatre group there had performed this novel. He was and still is very enthusiastic about the theme and about the way it is written. Although I started development the novel, I didnt manage to finish it till the day we had to choose our subjects at school. When I saw this subject on the list, which we were given by our incline teacher Mr Schfer, I was interested immediately. So I chose it.1.2My procedureAfter reading this novel and watching the film I went to the Braunschweig University Library, where I loaned books about habituation to games of chan ge, The American history in the sixties and The history of Red Indians to receive an insight into the life of the protagonist. With the use of the internet I got further information.By choosing my subject I didnt assume that it would be so difficult to describe Mac Murphys decline. I often thought that the psychological mount knowledge would have been helpful. After having written my keywords I didnt know how to start with my formulations but finally I wrote and wrote and in the end I had similarly many pages. As a result I had to shorten my text which was more difficult than my first problem.2 Summary of the novelA half Indian named Chief Bromden begins telling the reader about his experiences in an Oregon mental hospital. Head of this hospital is Nurse Ratched, also known as greathearted Nurse, () a stern, controlling woman who behaves with a serene confidence. She is the antagonist of the novel, manipulative and dictatorical, using any method to assert her power over the pa tients. In comparison to Randle Patrick Mac Murphy, the protagonist, she () represents ideas of sexual repression, authoritarianism and conservatism . The nurse and her new patient, who was admitted to the hospital by the state work farm for observation, are in every way opposed to each other - she demanding control, he revelling freedom.

World Literature Essay -- English Literature

World Literature EssayThe Jane Austen fable pridefulness and Prejudice is basically pertainwith the knowledge of a young heroineThe statement The Jane Austen bracing Pride and Prejudice isbasically concerned with the education of a young heroine raises manyquestions. The term education in this context means a journey of onesself rather than a formal schooling education. From the beginningpages of the book the idea of Elizabeth being the heroine isestablished. Since thither are other themes of the novel, themes oflove, reputation and class, it can be questioned as to whether thenovel is centred on the education of Elizabeth. Darcy is also a majorcharacter to the plot of the novel and contains the same faults asElizabeth so the book could be centred on his journey as well as hers.However, Elizabeths education in overcoming her obstacles is a actuallylong one compared to that of DarcysIn the first three pages of the novel the character of Elizabeth isdepicted as a very intellectua l character by her father. ..they are all silly and ignorant like other girls but Lizzy hassomething more of a quickness than her sisters. 1It is clear that Austen introduces and forms such an impression ofElizabeth early in the novel in order to promptly get the reader intothe plot and communicate the heroine of the novel. No other charactercommands the same interest as Elizabeth. even out though Elizabeth isdepicted as the heroine, she possesses faults which are very set. Thecharacters biggest issues lie with pride and prejudice, each one inthe way of her conquering the other.Whether the novel is basically concerned with the education withElizabeth can be questioned as there are other major... ...enguin Books, London 1996.* Williams.M, Jane Austen Six Novels and Their Methods. Macmillan, London 1986* Lambert. J, A Text rejoinder Guide to Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice. Wizard Books, Ballarat 1993* Curtis.T, Get Smart Study Guide Pride and Prejudice. Science Press, Australi a 1999* Handley.G, Brodies Notes on Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice, London 1990.---------------------------------------------------------------------1 Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice, Penguin Books, London 1996. pp 72Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice, Penguin Books, London 1996. pp 363 ibid.,pp334 ibid.,pp575 ibid.,pp3096 Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice, Penguin Books, London 1996. pp217 Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice, Penguin Books, London 1996. pp 898 ibid.,pp949 ibid., pp 20210 ibid., pp 295

World Literature Essay -- English Literature

World Literature EssayThe Jane Austen novel self-esteem and Prejudice is basically concernedwith the facts of life of a late heroineThe statement The Jane Austen novel pridefulness and Prejudice isbasically concerned with the education of a young heroine raises manyquestions. The term education in this context center a journey of onesself rather than a formal schooling education. From the beginningpages of the book the idea of Elizabeth being the heroine isestablished. Since there are other themes of the novel, themes oflove, news report and class, it can be questioned as to whether thenovel is centred on the education of Elizabeth. Darcy is also a majorcharacter to the plot of the novel and contains the same faults asElizabeth so the book could be centred on his journey as well as hers.However, Elizabeths education in overcoming her obstacles is a verylong one compared to that of DarcysIn the first three pages of the novel the character of Elizabeth isdepicted as a very intell ectual character by her father. ..they are all ludicrous and ignorant like other girls but Lizzy hassomething more of a quickness than her sisters. 1It is clear that Austen introduces and forms such an impression ofElizabeth early in the novel in battle array to promptly get the reader intothe plot and communicate the heroine of the novel. No other charactercommands the same interest as Elizabeth. Even though Elizabeth isdepicted as the heroine, she possesses faults which are very set. Thecharacters biggest issues lie with pride and prejudice, each one inthe way of her conquering the other.Whether the novel is basically concerned with the education withElizabeth can be questioned as there are other major... ...enguin Books, London 1996.* Williams.M, Jane Austen Six Novels and Their Methods. Macmillan, London 1986* Lambert. J, A Text Response Guide to Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice. Wizard Books, Ballarat 1993* Curtis.T, Get Smart Study Guide Pride and Prejudice. Science Pres s, Australia 1999* Handley.G, Brodies Notes on Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice, London 1990.---------------------------------------------------------------------1 Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice, Penguin Books, London 1996. pp 72Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice, Penguin Books, London 1996. pp 363 ibid.,pp334 ibid.,pp575 ibid.,pp3096 Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice, Penguin Books, London 1996. pp217 Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice, Penguin Books, London 1996. pp 898 ibid.,pp949 ibid., pp 20210 ibid., pp 295

Linguistic Performance and Competence Essay

linguistic Knowledge Speakers linguistic knowledge permits them to form longer and longer sentences by joining sentences and phases together or adding modifiers to a noun. whether you stop at three, five or eighteen adjectives, it is impossible to limit the number you could add if desired. Very long sentences are theoretically possible, just they are highly improbable. Evidently, there is a difference between having the knowledge necessary to produce sentences of a delivery, and applying this knowledge.It is a difference between what you know, which your linguistic competenceis, and how you use this knowledge in factual speech production and comprehension, which is your linguistic cognitive operation. Linguistic Performance Linguistic Performance a speakers actual use of language in real situations what the speaker actually says, including grammatical errors and other non-linguistic features such as hesitations and other disfluencies. When we speak, we usually wish to convey whatsoever message. At some stage in the act of producing speech, we must organize our thoughts into strings of words. Sometimes the message is garbled.We whitethorn stammer, orpause, or produce slips of the tongue. We may even sound like the baby, who illustrates the difference between linguistic knowledge and the way we use that knowledge in performance. Linguistic Competence Linguistic competence is a term used by speech experts and anthropologists to describe how language is defined within a community of speakers.This term applies to mastering the combination of sounds, phrase structure and semantics known as the grammar of a language. ACCORDING TO CHOMSKY, COMPETENCE IS THE IDEAL LANGUAGE SYSTEM THAT makes it possible for speakers to produce and understand an infinitenumber of sentences in their language, and to get it on grammatical sentences from ungrammatical sentences.oThis means a persons ability to create and understand sentences, including sentences they have never hea rd before. Competence versus Performance Linguistic theory is concerned primarily with an ideal speaker-listener, in a completely homogeneous speech-communication, who know its (the speech communitys) language perfectly and that it is unmoved by such grammatically irrelevant conditions as memory limitations, distractions, shifts of attention and interest, and errors (random or characteristic) inapplying his knowledge of this language in actual performance. Chomsky differentiates competence, which is an idealized capacity, from performance being the production of actual utterances. According to him, competence is the ideal speaker-hearers knowledge of his or her language and it is the mental reality which is responsible for all those aspects of language use which can be characterized as linguistic. Chomsky argues that only under an idealized situation whereby the speaker-hearer is unaffected by grammatically irrelevant conditions such as memory limitations and distractions entrust p erformance be a direct reflection of competence.A sample of natural speech consisting of numerous false starts and other deviations will not provide such data. Therefore, he claims that a fundamental distinction has to be made between the competence and performance. Chomsky dismissed criticisms of delimiting the study of performance in favor of the study of primal competence, as unwarranted and completely misdirected.He claims that the descriptivist limitation-in-principle to classification and organization of data, theextracting patterns from a corpus of observed speech and the describing speech habits etc. are the core factors that precludes the development of a theory of actual performance. Chomsky thinks that what linguists should study is the ideal speakers competence, not his performance, which is too haphazard to be studied.Although a speaker possesses an internalized set of rules and applies them in actual use, he cannot tell exactly what these rules are. So the task of a linguist is to determine from the data of performance the underlying system of rules that has been mastered by the language user.

Marketing Plan Bo’s Coffee

INTRODUCTION Perhaps one of the most commonly traded commodities, one of the most closely monitored and understandably one of the products august with much affection. Coffee has been an integral part of the Filipinos life. Coffee, along with sugar and rice, is probably found in every household in the Philippines disregarding of socio-economic status. Coffee has been made synonymous with morning rituals, afternoon breaks and hospitality, it would never do to run out of the deep brown brew especially when company was around. precise recently, another image of coffee bean was introduced into the minds of Filipinos. Coffee as a social symbol. This trend was induced by the proliferation of coffee shops where people can buy coffee and consume it in an atmosphere optimized for its ultimate enjoyment. These coffee shops have become the new temples and common houses for the public, mixing the strong brew with a hodge-podge of different centripetal experiences and good vibes. This paper co ncentrates on the conduct of one such coffee shop.One that was the first of its kind in the South, providing for the citizens of Cebu a coffee experience akin(predicate) to that abroad. Coffee Centrale, The Bean Co. Inc. , more commonly known as Bos Coffee Club, has recently set its sights on the NCR market after a fortunate seven-year run in the Visayas-Mindanao region. The Paper seeks to provide a bold and aggressive Marketing Plan to help the company spread its wings and assert itself as a significant player in an industry dominated by foreign franchises.The Paper is based on a Usage, Attitude and Image take aim to better understand what exactly people find appealing in their choice of coffee shops. It is complemented by research that is ensured accurate and up-to-date to glean worthful insight into the lives and perspectives of the target market. The researchers advise strategies shown in this Paper based on current research and careful analysis. Detailed action plans will the n be presented, outlining how each of these operational strategies can be fulfilled with the greatest positive financial and competitive benefit to the subject firm.

Jetblue Airways: Starting from Scratch Essay

At the beginning, JetBlue management set the tone for themselves that they would be different indeed some other airlines. To do that they set values for all employees from top to bottom to follow and they set up an attractive pay and a unique bene ticks package that would throw in the towel for successful recruitment and retention of employees, while significantly reducing the chance of a union moving into the agreement.Equal Employment Opportunity LawsThere atomic number 18 certain Equal Employment Opportunity uprightnesss that every employer should be awargon of and use as guidelines when developing a courseing relationship with employees and perspective employees. These laws nourish employers and employees and enhance the overall association between the two. Three Equal Opportunity laws that impact JetBlues hiring practices arTitle VII, civic Rights Act of 1964, Amended 1972 wholeness of many Equal Employment Opportunity laws, the Civil Rights Act may be the most importan t law as it prohibits an employer from discriminating against an individual found on race, religion, color, sex, and age. This protection from discrimination covers the areas of hiring, firing, promoting, compensation, or in terms, conditions, or privileges of trade. (Mondy, 2008)Americans With Disabilities Act, 1990Simply put, this law prohibits employers from discriminating against anyone with a qualified disability. This law establishes that an employer must make credible accommodations for a disabled person in the workforce that does not have an undue hardship to the employer. Examples of those accommodations are updating facilities to meet the needs of the disabled employee adjusting work schedules and updating equipment that a disabled employee could use.Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, Amended 1978, 1986 This law was created to protect employees over the age of 40 from employment discrimination based on age. The law also prohibits employers from forcing emplo yees into retirement. The Age Discrimination Employment Act applies to both employees and job applicants.JetBlues Recruitment EffortsA happen upon internal recruitment effort that JetBlue used was to seek referrals from existing employees. This effort is best illustrated with the pilots. JetBlue set out to hire employees who fit with the organizations visual sense and in return they offered employees flexible beat, pay and benefits and provided the pilots with updated technology and training. The goal of setting up Values and different employment packages was to show the staff that JetBlue cared about them. This in turn caused employees to be more loyal than at other airlines and soon word-of-mouth spread and peck wanted to work for JetBlue. According to Dave Berger, JetBlue COO, the happy pilots were a massive source for recruiting their friends from competing airlines. (Hoffer, 2001)Externally, JetBlue placed one classified ad in a Salt Lake City newspaper seeking interested applicants for the position of reservations agents. This integrity local advertisement resulted in JetBlue hiring over 500 reservations agents and collecting a waiting list of 2,500 interested applicants. (Hoffer, 2001)The one advertisement was so successful because it enticed future employees with a flexible work schedule, standard pay with a bonus if they took calls whenever needed, and they provided computers and necessary equipment to the staff members so they could all work from home.JetBlues Personnel pickaxeJetBlue created five Values that would be used to make decisions in all areas of the organization including clement Resources. Those Values are Safety Caring, Integrity Fun and Passion. JetBlue then went into detail with the Values to develop standards of desirable and undesirable behaviors (Hoffer, 2001) and used those standards in asking prospective employees about past behavior. JetBlue set out to hire people who best fit those Values. When audienceing an applicant for a mechanic position, the applicant was asked to recall a time when integrity was an issue in his previous employment. (Hoffer, 2001)The mechanic depict a time when he was pressured to sign off that an airplane was ready for an international flight when in fact it was not. The applicant explained he refused to certify the aircraft and was by and by fired. JetBlue hired this applicant because he fit the Values of the organization. Ann Rhoades, executive vice president human resources, explains that she didnt offer a prospective pilot a position because of what she perceived as his arrogance. Arrogance doesnt fit into the Values JetBlue set for its organization.During an interview with a pilot applicant, the pilot was asked to discuss a time when he was encountered with a customer request that was in conflict with company polices (Hoffer, 2001) and explain how he addressed the request. His response was compared to the Values and whether or not it fit into the definition of desira ble or undesirable behavior. JetBlue used a method of utilizing multiple interviewers and each of those interviewers had to agree before an offer of employment was made. Utilizing the group interview method, JetBlue was providing those employees on the team a sense of ownership and autonomy which further enhanced employee satisfaction.Three Factors that Influence a Performance Appraisal SystemWhen utilizing a exertion appraisal carcass, an organization should be aware of the internal and external factors that influence the outcomes of such appraisals. One example is legislation. Any time an employer is dealing with an employee or potential employee, they must ensure they are not discriminating against any protected class. During the performance appraisal process, the employer needs to have establishments in place that assures no discrimination or negative impact of a protected class or group occurs. These are the same requirements described above in the Civil Rights Act Age Discr imination in Employment Act and the Americans With Disabilities Act, 1990.Another factor to retrieve is labor unions. If an organization has a labor agreement with an nonionic union, they may get push back from the union on the subject of Performance Appraisals. Unions generally encourage pay increases and promotions based on seniority, not on merit. As such, they are known to oppose any type of performance appraisal system.A third factor is completely under the control of an organization and that is corporate culture. The culture within a company can have either a negative or positive impact on the performance appraisal system and is dependent on the attitude from the top down. Employees are likely to not have confidence in the performance appraisal system if the organization does not encourage an environment of high performance, teamwork, and personal ripening. The lack of support by the organization, builds mistrust by the employees in all areas of human resources.360-Degree F eedback ratingThe 360-Degree Feedback Evaluation is used for development of employees and teams and can be helpful in identifying target areas such as building on strengths of an employee or identifying and focusing development needs. By utilizing feedback of an employees coworkers, supervisors, and customers, 360-Degree Feedback provides a more balanced evaluation then one that could be influenced by a disgruntled supervisor, peer or customer. The system allows the organization to develop succession plans which is important internally and externally because it gives the employees confidence that the organization has future plans for growth. By using this system, a company can create a professional development and training program that is focused on employee needs, enabling the employee to be successful which in turn, helps the company be successful.Rather than relying on financial goals to measure an employees contri besidesion to the organization, JetBlue utilizes the 360-Degree Feedback Evaluation process. JetBlue customized the process calling it the 320-degree feedback process, a play on the name of their aircraft, and uses it to determine whether or not employees are meeting the companys five core values. Because these core values (safety, caring, integrity, fun, passion) all directly relate to peers, supervisors and co-workers, JetBlue is able to get a direct legal opinion of each employees performance and ability to meet the five core values.Employee-Related Factors Essential in find out Financial CompensationWhen addressing the issue of employee compensation, an employer must premiere evaluate the job by conducting a job analysis to determine the requirements and conditions of the position. Once the analysis is complete, the employer is able to attract and retain qualified individuals. When hiring, it is important to consider the applicants experience, performance, skills and competency before determining the right compensation for the future empl oyees.ExperienceExperience enhances an employees performance and is valued by employers. Determining if an employee has valuable insight and basic knowledge of the job is an important variable in establishing compensation.PerformanceRewarding employees with pay based on their performance and productivity oftentimes motivates them to do better. Many companies use the merit-based system by rating employees performance and increasing pay.SkillsCompensation is sometimes based on an employees ability to effectively show their ability to perform particular tasks.CompetencyCompetencies are oftentimes associated with an employees attitude and values. Many companies find these competencies just as important as skills, education and experience.Discretionary Employee BenefitsDiscretionary benefits are just that, at the discretion of the company. They are not required by law, but are increasingly just as important to employees as is their pay. Discretionary benefits may include paid time off, profit sharing, and health care benefits.Paid epoch OffTo provide employees with a work-life balance, time away from work is oftentimes paid through vacation, sick or paid-time-off plans. The time off benefit is usually offered to full-time employees and allows for paid, stress-free rest time that benefits the employees mental and physical health. Employee time off also benefits the company because a rested, stress-free employee is more productive then if no time off or unpaid time off had been given.Profit SharingProfit sharing is a plan that distributes a pre-determined percentage of profits to employees. For those organizations that offer profit-sharing, it is often only offered to full-time employees who have met a vesting period. Profit sharing not only incentivizes employees to meet corporate goals with the goal of achieving maximum profits, but it also benefits the company by valuing long-term loyalty.Health BenefitsHaving access to affordable health care is a priority for most people and is a great consideration for many when accepting a job. Many full-time and part-time employees receive this benefit from their employer throughout the United States. With the new National Health reverence law passed last year, it will now be expected that employers provide some type of health care insurance coverage to their staff if the law is held up in court.JetBlues Incorporation of Discretionary BenefitsJetBlue is known to provide generous discretional benefits to all of its employees. These benefits include a flexible work schedule, heathland care insurance, paid time off, and 401K plans.JetBlue set out to build employment packages that support the different needs of their employees. In setting up the varying types of discretionary benefits, JetBlue believed it would attract staff and create loyalty. An example is the type of packages offered to the flight stamps. There are several packages for the different types of people who may fill the flight attendant positions. A recent college graduate may not be look for long-term retirement packages a family-oriented staff person may be looking for flexible hours and healthcare benefits and another may be looking for a career in the industry and would require long-term benefits such as a 401K. Each of these individuals would receive a package that is customized to meet their specific needs.The additional benefit of working from home for the reservation agents in Salt Lake City allows the employee flexibility that does not necessarily require them to change their familys schedules which is a great benefit for many people.REFERENCESHoffer, J.G and OReilly, C. (2001). JetBlue Airways Starting from Scratch. Boston Harvard Business School Publishing. Pp. 58-77 (Hoffer, 2001)Mondy, R.W. (2008). Human Resources Management. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey. Pearson, Prentice Hall. (Mondy, 2008)

Whitefield/Wesley & Predestination

John Wesleys sermon, entitled Free Grace was published in August, 1739. In it he attempted to show how theologys approval is allow for in all and free for all. His message was strongly directed toward the philosophical system of preordination and choice, which was held to by many cerebraters in Wesleys day. He believed that this teaching was a dangerous one and that it blasphemed the very person and nature of God. In answer to Wesley, George Whitefield wrote A Letter from George Whitefield to the Rev. John Wesley. Whitefield saw Wesleys doctrine of free tenderness as creation the one that was blasphemous and dangerous to the faith.He argued that the Bible clearly presents the doctrine of predestination, and that any doctrine that stated otherwise led to the heresy of universalism. The two men had worked together in the ministry for quite some time when these two documents were published. Wesley adopted many evangelical views of Christianity when he was converted, but he carry some of his pre-conversion beliefs concerning predestination. When Whitefield left England on a trip, Wesley quickly published his sermon on free grace. When Whitefield returned, he was determined to respond and set the record straight. some(prenominal) of these men presented strong bank lines supporting both of their views. It is difficult to comp be the two equally, because Whitefield unless addresses certain issues in Wesleys sermon and not its entirety. That world said, I believe that George Whitefields arguments concerning predestination and soteriology atomic number 18 superior to John Wesleys repayable to how he handles Scripture and logical thought. Wesleys sermon on free grace had six major points.For the purpose of this paper, I devour selected for discussion only the points that Whitefield directly addressed in his letter of response. In doing so, I hold to make apparent that Whitefield had a much stronger argument and a much more scriptural understanding o f predestination in soteriology. Wesley begins his sermon with a fair and accurate assessment of the possible views a person might hold, concerning predestination. He clearly shows that while many people may say that they only hold to certain parts of the doctrine, they ultimately believe in the whole.He defines the doctrine as, As virtue of an eternal, unchangeable, irresistible decree of God, one part of mankind are infallibly saved, and the rest infallibly damned it being impossible that any of the former should be damned, or that any of the latter should be saved. This is a very good and biblical definition of predestination, but the implications Wesley draws from it are not. The first error that Wesley concludes is that predestination eliminates the need for evangelism. He says, Preaching is needless to them that are elected for they, whether with preaching or without, testament infallibly be saved. In other words, if God will categorically elect some people, then it is unnec essary for those people to be evangelized. The same goes for the non-elect. If they are to be unconditionally damned to hell, then evangelism will have no effect in bringing them. In Predestination Calmly Considered, he says His ministers indeed, as they know not the event of things, may be sincere in offering salvation to all persons, according to their general commission, Go ye into all the world, and preach the gospel to every creature. But how can God or Christ be sincere in sending them with this commission, to offer his grace to all men, if God has not provided such(prenominal) grace for all men, no, not so much as conditionally? I believe that Whitefield has a much clearer understanding of Scripture when he responds to Wesleys statement concerning evangelism. He asks, Hath not God, who hath appointed salvation for a certain number, appointed also the preaching of the Word as a marrow to contribute them to it? Whitefield understood that evangelism is the means that God u ses to vex His elect to salvation.Whitefield goes on saying, Since we do not know who are elect and who are reprobate, we are to preach promiscuously to all. For the Word may be useful, even to the non-elect, in restraining them from much wickedness and sin. Whitefield could see how beneficial the Word is for both the elect and reprobate. Scripture supports Whitefield on this matter, curiously in Romans 10. Paul explains that faith comes from hearing, and hearing through the word of Christ, and earlier he asks, How are they to hear without someone preaching? And how are they to preach unless they are sent? The Bible clearly states that the only way that the elect will come to faith in Christ is through evangelism. John Calvin also viewed evangelism and predestination in the same light as Whitefield. He concluded Since we do not know who belongs to the number of the predestined and who does not, it befits us so to feel as to wish that all be saved. So it will come about that, who ever we come across, we shall study to make him a sharer of peace even utter(a) rebuke will be administered like medicine, lest they should perish or cause others to perish. But it will be for God to make it effective in those whom He foreknew and predestined. Calvin would have supported Whitefields view of evangelism over Wesleys for certain. The second point of argument concerns predestination and faith. Wesley says, Predestination has a manifest tendency to destroy holiness in general for it wholly crawfishs away those first motives to follow after it, so frequently proposed in Scripture, the hope of future reward and fear of punishment, the hope of heaven and fear of hell. According to Wesley, those who hold to the doctrine of predestination do not have the same desire to seek holiness as those who do not hold to it.He even makes the assertion that followers of predestination are more temperamental, especially when confronted with opposition to their doctrine. I believe that Whitefield has the stronger argument when h plain asks how this can be so? Wesley ultimately presents no proof of his assertions, but instead makes accusations from what Whitefield suspects is an experience of debating men who hold to predestination. Those men must have had a strong religious zeal that Wesley misunderstood as narrow-mindedness and hostility that flowed from their doctrinal beliefs.Wesley explains that it is expected that those who contend earnestly for the faith once delivered to the saints will bring strong opposition to error. Thirdly, Wesley says predestination tends to destroy the comfort of religion, the happiness of Christianity. This is evident as to all those who believe themselves to be reprobated, or who only suspect or fear it. He claims that those who hold to the doctrine of predestination do not have the comfort of the assurance of salvation since they can never be legitimate if they are one of the elect or not.They will at some point and time becom e doubtful of their salvation, even when they have the witness of the Blessed Spirit. Wesley also claims that many people throughout the world who do not hold to predestination enjoy the uninterrupted witness of his Spirit, the continual light of his countenance, from the signification wherein they first believed, for many month or years, to this day. Once again, I believe that Whitefield tears down Wesleys argument when he asks, How does Mr. Wesley know this, who never believed election? In other words, how could Wesley have understood the heart of a person who believes in predestination if he never believed in the doctrine himself? He presents a selection from the reformers that show how they were holders of predestination and yet still described the Christian life as being full of sweet, pleasant, unspeakable comfort to godly persons, and such as feel in themselves the working of the Spirit of Christ Evidently the heart of the elect is not full of turmoil and despair after all .In response to Wesleys belief that some people in the world experience uninterrupted assurance, Whitefield asks how he could ever have known such a thing. in that location is no way that Wesley could have made contact with people all over the world that had these experiences. Whitefield understood that everyone goes through doubts and never as a life-long completion of assurance of salvation. Even Jesus Christ experienced times of doubt in the garden, and what greater moment of darkness has ever been experienced than that of His time on the cross, crying, My God My GodWhy hast thou forsaken me? Wesley then asks, How uncomfortable a thought is this, that thousands and millions of men, without any preceding offense or fault of theirs, were unchangeably designate to everlasting burnings To Wesley, the doctrine of predestination is a terrible one because it condemns men to hell that are undeserving of such punishment. He does not see current sin as being the cause for peoples dam nation. In his work, Predestination Calmly Considered, he says, Perhaps you will say they are not condemned for actual but for original sin.What do you mean by this term? The sin which that Adam committed in paradise? That this is imputed to all men, I allowBut that any will be damned for this alone, I allow not. Whitefield had a better understanding of this matter. He viewed all men as being deserving of hell due to the imparted sin of Adams rebellion in the garden. He charges that if Wesley denies the doctrine of original sin, then he must take on the doctrine of reprobation for whether Wesley believed it or not the Word of God abides faithful The election hath obtained it, and the rest were blinded. The final issue of debate is over the doctrine of predestination and the Bible. Wesley says, Predestination hath also a direct and manifest tendency to overthrow the whole Christian Revelation. The point which the wisest of the modern unbelievers most industriously labour to prove, is, that the Christian Revelation is not necessary. According to Wesley, the Bible is not necessary because the elect would find faith without it since their salvation is decreed by God.This is very similar to his argument concerning predestination and evangelism. Whitefield again has a great answer saying, It is only by the Christian revelation that we are acquainted with Gods design of saving his church by the death of his Son. Yea, it is settles in the everlasting covenant that this salvation shall be applied to the elect through the knowledge and faith of him. He goes on saying that the Bible is a necessity because it is only through Scripture that Gods eternal decrees of salvation take effect.We cannot separate Gods means from His ends or His ends from His means. Wesley then goes on to say that Scripture in light of predestination contradicts itself. He uses the case of Jacob have I loved, but Esau I have hated, as implying that God in a literal sense hated Esau, and all the reprobated, from all eternity. He sees this as a contradiction due to Scripture saying that God is love. He did not view this passage as being a literal hating of the persons of Jacob and Esau, but instead of the temperament in spite of appearance them.In Predestination Calmly Considered, he states, According to Scripture Gods unchangeableness of affection properly and primarily regards tempers and not persons and persons only as those tempers found in them. I believe Whitefield has a better argument since he holds to a more literal interpretation of the Bible without contradiction. He argues that it is not changing Gods character to love Jacob and hate Esau. He says, Might not God, of his own good pleasure, love or show pardon to Jacob and the electand yet at the same time do the reprobate no wrong?But you say, God is love. And cannot God be love, unless he shows the same mercy to all? In the same way, Wesley argues that, in the eyes of the person who holds to predestination , the passage I will have mercy on whom I will have mercy means that God is love only to the elect and not to the non-elect. He says that this is in direct contradiction to Psalm 1149, saying, The Lord is loving unto every man and his mercy is over all his works. If God is loving to everyone, then how can He show mercy to only some?Whitefield says that this mercy mentioned is not saving mercy. He is loving to all in that he sends his rain upon the evil and upon the good, but He only sends his saving grace to the elect. He has the right to do this because, as Whitefield puts it, He is a debtor to none, and has a right to do what he will with his own, and to dispense his favours to what objects he sees fit, merely at his pleasure. He uses Romans 915 and hegira 3319 to back up this statement I will have mercy on whom I will have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassion. Overall, Wesley tries to tear down the doctrine of predestination in light of his doctrine of free grace. To Wesley grace is free to every individual person in the world, and it is on the basis of acceptance or rejection of that grace that a person is sent to hell or heaven. He explains the unchangeable decrees of God in light of free grace in Predestination Calmly Considered He has unchangeably decreed to save holy place believers, and to condemn obstinate, impenitent unbelievers. According to Wesley, a persons eternal destiny lies solely in whether or not he accepts Gods free grace. I believe Whitefield sums Wesleys argument up well when he states, You plainly make salvation depend not on Gods free grace, but on mans free-will. If this is the case then like Whitefield said, It is more probable Jesus Christ would not have had the satisfaction of seeing the fruit of his death in the eternal salvation of one soul. Our preaching would then be in vain, and all the invitations for people to believe in him would also be in vain. Both Wesley and Whitefield knew the Script ures well, but I believe it is Whitefield that truly understood how important election is in the believers theology.Wesley tried to use Scripture to back up his points, but his interpretation of passages led him into the territory of universalism. I believe that due to this dangerous direction it is Whitefield who had the oppose understanding of predestination and soteriology. On my honor, I have neither given nor taken improper assistance in completing this assignment. Word Count 2455 1 . Ibid. 2 . Wesley, Predestination Calmly Considered, 268. 3 . Whitefield, George. A Letter from? George Whitefield? to the? Rev. Mr. John Wesley, 59. 4 . Ibid. 5 .Calvin, John, Concerning the Eternal Predestination of God, trans. J. K. S. Reid (London James Clarke and Co. , Limited, 1961), 138. 6 . Wesley. Free Grace, 117. 7 . Whitefield. 61. 8 . Wesley. Free Grace, 119. 9 . Ibid. 10 . Whitefield. 62. 11 . Ibid. 12 . Wesley. Free Grace, 119. 13 . Wesley. Predestination, 263. 14 . Wh itefield. 68. 15 . Wesley. Free Grace, 120. 16 . Whitefield. 68. 17 . Wesley. Free Grace, 120. 18 . Wesley. Predestination, 279. 19 . Whitefield. 69. 20 . Ibid. 21 . Wesley. Predestination, 279. 22 . Whitefield. 71. 23 . Ibid.

Contract Laws Essay

When it comes the laws of business thither argon a broad range of categories and topics. A topic that we would find when studying business law is m otherwises. A constringe is a leg in ally en imbibeable placement between two or more(prenominal)(prenominal) people. (Rogers, 2012) In the world we live in learning about exhort laws is very vital when go into into angiotensin converting enzyme. We must be aw be that at that place is more than just on type of contract and there argon several steps that both parties must follow before every contract washbasin be legal.There are several types of contracts that individuals rouse enter. These types are expressed, implied, bilateral, unilateral, simple, formal and quasi contracts. An express contract are formed by the express run-in of the partiesthe actual words they use in their agreementand can be either written or oral. (Rogers, 2012) This type of contract does non piss to be in writing. An expressed contract gibes the pr otract, acceptance and consideration grammatical constituents of a contract. Express contracts are usually compared to implied contracts. Implied contacts are formed non by the express words of the parties, besides rather by their actions. (Rogers, 2012) With this type of contract the agreement is implied by actions. There are no expressed words within an implied contract. It can be either implied in fact or in law. If a contract leave alone result in inequity or harm it will not be implied. If there is some(prenominal) doubt or discrepancy exists, therefore the court might not conclude a contractual relationship. If an implication arises that they ware jointly assented to a new contract that contains the same requirements as the old agreement.Another type of contract is a bilateral contract. A bilateral contract is a reciprocal arrangement between two parties under which both parties predict to perform an act in transfer forthe other fellowships act (BusinessDictionary.c om). When entering into a bilateral contract there is a joint agreement among the two parties that entails the performance of an act. The promise pull ahead by one party constitutes sufficient consideration for the promise made by the other party. It is a common contract because we enter into a bilateral contract everything we brand a purchase, order or receive any kind of treatment. bilaterally symmetrical contracts are compared to unilateral contract. Unilateral contract are agreements that deal with a promise that is made by only one person involved in the contract. This agreement is when there is an exchange for the performance or non-performance of an act by the other party. Only one of the contracting parties can be enforced to comply with contract.This type of contract is one-sided because only the offeror is legitimately bound in complying with the terms of the contract. The offeree can comply or refrain from performing the act, but he or she cannot be sued if they do no t comply. If you accept an offer from a unilateral contract it cannot be achieved by making another agreement only by performance or non-performance of some particular act. An offer can be revoked until the act has been performed or there was no act completed and the date has passed. The following contract is called a simple contract. It is in no delegacy a lawfully recorded or legitimately sealed contract, but breeches are still frequently ruled on by a judge. It is any oral or written contract that is not required to follow a specific form, or be signed, witnessed, or sealed. (Rogers, 2012).They are not necessarily formalized contracts and do not entail court proceedings in order to make them binding. They are simply an agreement that is among the parties involved. They are usually compared to formal contracts. Formal contract are a written agreement between two parties that are considered to be legally binding and enforced my law (Laws.com). They must be in writing, signed and s eal by all parties entering into the contract. In order for a formal contract to be valid it must contain three periodnts, which are the offer, the acceptance and a payment for the services provided or goods delivered. This type of contract eliminates any uncertainty regarding its terms and conditions. It contains a preface section which is utilized to clearly define the essentials terms that are utilized within the contract. This helps in eliminating redundancy in the use of common language. It excessively insures substantive terms of the contractthat are described and referenced in the contract.Quasi contracts are the close type of contract discussed in the text. Quasi contracts are not a realistic contract. They are a remedy that a court may offer to make things fair. (Rogers, 2012). This type of contract is implied by law. Courts will imply a fictional contract to require one party to return benefits to the other party where unjust enrichment has occurred. Unjust enrichment doctrine deals with the equality of a quasi contract. It states that no party should profit at the expense of the other without making restitution of a reasonable value. When there is no oral or written agreement, courts depend on this doctrine to provide a legal remedy for a quasi contract.A Quasi contract can be compared to an implied contract. There are two types of implied contracts. These types are Implied-in-fact and Implied-by-law. A quasi contract is considered to be an Implied-by-law. It is different from an implied-in-fact because the courts treat the former as an express written contract because of the actions and words that both parties have expressed. Even though neither party has verbally expressed the acceptance of the contract their actions might be viewed differently.A assure can be valid and enforceable, but can also be found to be unenforceable and can be voided. In order for a contract to be valid and enforceable it must contain the five elements of a contract t o be legally binding. These elements are offer, acceptance, consideration, legality and capacity. The first element of a valid contract is the offer. An offer is an invitation for another to enter into a contract (Rogers, 2012). Offers can be verbal or written, but must at all clock times be clear terms. They can be bilateral or unilateral terms. They are not legally binding. Offers can be voided is any of the individuals involved cannot or do not comply with their promise. Offers can also be voided, repealed or annulled after parties have accepted the offer, unless there is a clause where it states that revocations are not allowed.The following element is acceptance. An acceptance is an acquiescence to enter into a contract under the terms of the offer (Rogers, 2012). Once an offer is made the parties must agree on the terms. All parties must be willing to enter into the agreement. Acceptances can be implied orexpressed. They can be directed to all parties involved or just one pe rson. There are times when the individual making the offer will invite the person accepting the offer by actually performing the acts that the offeror is bargaining for. This occurs when special tribulations of notification, revoking and confidence in the form of limited performance can occur.Consideration is the next element of a valid contract. A consideration is anything of legal value that is asked for and received as the price for entering into a contract (Rogers, 2012). For a contract to be considered to be legally binding it must be supported by a valuable consideration. For instance, a party is required to do something in exchange for the promise that was made in a benefit of value. It is what each individual in the contact provides to the other as the established value for the others promise. For the most part, considerations are usually a payment of money, but are not always. At times they can be a promise to do something such(prenominal) as a type of work in return for so mething.The fourth element is legality. This is an agreement may be considered illegal if it would violate a statute result in commission of a tort or violate public policy. (Rogers, 2012). In contract law, legality of purpose is required of every enforceable contract. Agreement of a social nature are presumed not to be legally binding, but with evidence can be rebutted in court. Also, any domestic agreements such as agreements created by a parent and a child are generally unenforceable on the basis of the system of law.The last element is capacity. Capacity is the mental competency of an individual and also with special rules for people who are under legal age (Rogers, 2012). In other words, it deals with the competency of all parties. In order for an individual to enter into a contract they must be adequate to do so. All parties entering the contract have to be over the legal age, mentally capable and cannot be under the lure of drugs or alcohol. If a contract is made with an in dividual that is under the age of 18 or 21, depending on the jurisdiction, the contract is voidable, but is legal and enforceable until or unless the individual revokes it. In theeyes of the law, individuals under the age of 18 or 21 are deemed to be immature and nave to enter into a contract. The individual may avoid the legal duty to perform the terms of the agreement without being liable of breach of contract.All parties must also be mentally capable of entering into a contract. If a party does not gain the nature and/or consequences of the contract when it is formed the contract can be voided. An individual that lacks the legal capacity can be declared incompetent in a court and can be appointed a legal guardian. If someone is to enter into a contract with someone who is not mentally capable the contract will be voided and there will not be any legal effects because neither party may be legally compelled to comply with the terms. Lastly, no one entering in to a contract can be intoxicated. All parties must be sober at the time of entering a contract in order for the contract to be deemed enforceable. When someone is under the influence they are not capable of knowing what they are doing and why. They might also not comprehend the terms of the contract which makes it unenforceable.A contact can appear to be legally binding because it may contain all the elements of a contract, but there are defenses to a contract that can also make a contract unenforceable and voidable. There are two types of defense to a contract, which are lack of genuine assent and lack of graceful form. Genuine assent or meeting on the minds is a criteria utilized to determine validity of acceptance of an offer for a contract. This occurs when the acceptance of a contract is secured through improper or illegal means such as fraud, mistake, manacles and indefensible influence. The first type of genuine assent that will be discussed is fraud. Fraud is the premeditated falsification of an essential matter of the contract. When there is an existence of fraud in a contractual proceeding it makes the contract unenforceable and can be voided by the party upon whom the deception was perpetrated.According to our text, there are two types of fraud, which are fraud in the execution and fraud in the inducement. Fraud in the execution merely occurs when one of the individuals who entered in to the contract isnt informed that they are entering in to one. The second fraud is when both parties are aware they are entering into the contract, but one of theparties is deceived when entering into it. The following type that can make a contract unenforceable and invalid is a mistake. A mistake is also known as a mutual mistake. When there is a mistake this means that both parties made a mistake to something that is vital to the contract. Just because one party can make a mistake doesnt necessarily mean that the contract is voidable. In order for it to be considered as unenforceabl e it must have a noteworthy effect on the exchange or bargaining development.The following factor is duress. Duress is when one party forces the other party to sign a contract. The force can be either physical or emotional pressure. When there is use of duress the contract is voidable by the party that was under duress during signing. Duress can be defined by three categories, which are actual or threatened violence to an individual, threats to an individuals property and/or economic duress. Economic duress is the more difficult to prove because you have to establish the boundaries of acceptance behavior of this kind of pressure. Duress is sometimes compared to undue influence, but there are different. As mentioned above, duress deals with someone being pressured into signing the contract, whereas undue influence is when a party is manipulated in to signing the contract.If one party has put inequitable and inappropriate pressure on the other in the discussions leading to the signin g of the contract, common law will allow duress and undue influence to allow for the terms of the contract to be set aside. Common laws are laws made by the decisions of judges in individual cases. (Rogers, 2012). Undue influence is easy to recognize because it can involve the parties having a fiduciary relationship or one of the members involved depends on another due to their age, illness, infirmity, etc. A fiduciary relationship is a relationship where one individual has a responsibility to act for the others benefit. When undue influence occurs the individual who is state to be helping the other person out is taking advantage of that person.Lastly, the second type of defense to a contract as listed above is lacks proper form. This is generally when it lacks writing. There are certain types of contracts that are required to be in writing, but at times we arent aware. If these types of contracts are not in writing then theycannot be enforced.It is important to learn about contra ct laws. They are the foundation of our society. Since we enter into contracts on a daily bases we should be aware of these laws. Contracts can be complicated and having knowledge of the different types and what makes them enforceable or voided can really be helpful. If there were no laws on contract then the agreements we make could become impractical and unworkable.ReferencesLewinsohn, J. L. (1914). Contract Distinguished From Quasi Contract. California Law Review, 2(3), 171.Rogers, S. (2012). Essentials of Business Law. San Diego, CA Bridgepoint Education, Inc. Smith, C. A. (2012). Contracts. http//www.west.net/smith/contracts.htm Information regarding elements of a contract and remedies for breach. Undefined. (n.d.). Bilateral Contract. In BusinessDictionary.com. Retrieved May 2, 2014, from http//www.businessdictionary.com/definition/bilateral-contract.html. Undefined. (n.d.). Know the types of Formal Contract. In Laws.com. Retrieved May 2, 2014, from http//contract-law.laws.com /types-of-contracts/types-of-formal-contract.

Becoming a U.S. Soldier

The United State multitude was founded to defend our country, the United States of America, two hundred and xxxiii years ago. The U. S. passs had been in different battles from the Revolutionary War to the global effort to combat terrorism, they have remained force Strong, drawing their commitment to their values and beliefs.The U. S. the States has achieved and is chronic to achieve excellence both here and abroad. They have shown willingness to make sacrifices in order to build a better future for our country (The 233rd United States armament Birthday). The U.S. legionss mission is to provide prompt and sustained land dominance over a full range of military trading trading operations in order to fight and win our countrys wars. They operate across a spectrum of conflict, supporting combatant commanders. Title 10 and Title 32 of the United States Code direct the U. S. Army to equip, organize and train forces in order to conduct sustained and prompt combat operations on land. The U. S. Army is tasked to accomplish missions that be assigned by the President of the United States, the Secretary of Defense, and combatant commanders.(Mission) A key comp unrivalednt of the U. S. Armed Forces, the passs is do up of the most dedicated, most respected, and best-trained soldiers in the world. They protect Americas freedom both home and abroad, secure our homeland, and defend democracy worldwide ( rough the Army Overview). The soldiery is one of the three components of the U. S. military. The other two are the navy and the air force. These three report to the Department of Defense. The U. S. Army has two major components of equal importance. They are the sourive Duty and the Army Reserve (Organization).Those who work in the two distinct components of the army, the active and the reserve components, are enlisted soldiers, second officers, commissioned officers, and non-commissioned officers (About the Army Personnel). In either component, the army conducts both institutional and operational missions. The operational army is consisted of numbered armies, divisions, corps, brigades and battalions, which conduct extensive operations around the world. On the other hand, the institutional army provides support for the operational army.They provide the necessary infrastructure to train, raise, deploy, equip, and ensure the readiness of the army forces. Military skills, as well as professional education, are provided by the training base to every soldier, together with members of allied forces. The institutional component of the army also allows the army to expand in a rapid manner during time of war. The army is provided with world-class logistics and equipment by the industrial base. Power-projection platforms are provided by the army installations.These are necessary to position land forces readily to provide support to combatant commanders. Once the forces are positioned, they are provided with needed logistics by the institutional army (Organization). The army is composed of a large number of soldiers. There is a necessity to organize the army into units because of its large number. Each unit has its own leader and reportage structure. Each unit was created in order to respond to any mission, regardless of complexity or size (About the Army Personnel).According to the Soldiers Almanac, soldiers are group into units, each with specified numbers. A squad is composed of 9 to 10 soldiers a platoon consists of 16 to 44 soldiers a company has 62 to 190 soldiers, a battalion is composed of 300 to 1,000 soldiers a brigade has 3,000 to 5,000 soldiers, a division consists of 10,000 to 15,000 soldier and the corps is consisted of 20,000 to 45,000 soldiers (About the Army Personnel). fair a soldier is both a challenging and a rewarding life. There are three primary steps on how to become a soldier. The first one is to work with a recruiter.The next step is to attend the basal Combat Training after you have signed up and s worn in. After that the Basic Combat Training, a soldier will learn valuable skills by attending the mod Individual Training (Soldier Life Becoming a Soldier). Basic Combat Training (BCT) is a training course that transforms civilians into Soldiers. Over the course of nine weeks these recruits learn about the Seven Core Army Values, how to work together as a team and what it takes to succeed as a Soldier in the U. S. Army. A civilian is transformed into a soldier by attending the Basic Combat Training.This is a nine-week training course where recruits are taught of the Seven Core Army Values, working together in a team, and succeeding in the U. S. Army (Soldier Life Basic Combat Training). After soldiers complete the Basic Combat Training, they will attend the modernistic Individual Training to learn the necessary skills to perform their army job. They receive hands-on training, as well as field instructions, to make them experts in a specific career field. In this training, they gain discipline and work ethic (Soldier Life Advanced Individual Training).When the Congress passes the Defense Authorization Act each year, they indicate how many soldiers can be on active duty during that year. Congress also places a limit on what percentage of the exclusively active duty force can serve as warrant officers, how much percentage of the total active duty force can be posted as enlisted officers for the positions of sergeant and above. However, there are no statutory limits on positions of private, private first class, and corporals (Powers, n. d. ) For the positions of sergeant and above, there must be a vacancy in the next level in order for them to get promoted.However, soldier ranking private first class, and corporal are promoted through modify promotions. Decentralized promotion means that the unit is in-charge of promotions hence they are the promotion authority. The commander decides who should get promoted based on the promotion criteria set by the U. S. A rmy to preserve the promotion flow (Powers, n. d. ) There are 146,000 American troops in Iraq, including service and support personnel. The soldiers stationed in Iraq play various roles. Some of them are stationed as combat troops.Combat soldiers, according to the military, those whose primary mission is to engage the enemy with lethal force. However, these combat troops are scheduled to intrust Iraq by June 30, 2009. This is in accordance with the agreement between Iraq and the United States, as stated in status-of-forces agreement (Bumiller, 2008). In spite of the agreement that combat troops will leave Iraqi cities, many military men are will be left behind as advisers and trainers. This new set of troops will be tasked to train and offer support to the Iraqi people so as not to risk the fragile and relative Iraqi stability (Bumiller, 2008).Truly, the United States Army have played and continuously playing a vital role in our society. They have assured us of our liberties and m ade an effort to assure the liberties as well of those who are offshore. The soldiers in the U. S. Army have dedicated themselves in the service of the American nation and there is no reason available for us not to be proud of them. References About the Army Overview. Army Strong. Retrieved 21 February 2009, from http//www. goarmy. com/about/index. jsp. About the Army Personnel. Army Strong. Retrieved 21 February 2009, from http//www. goarmy. com/about/personnel. jsp.Bumiller, E. (2008). Trying to delineate role of U. S. military in Iraq. International Herald Tribune. Retrieved 21 February 2009, from http//www. iht. com/articles/2008/12/22/america/22combat. php. Mission. The Official Homepage of the United States Army. Retrieved 21 February 2009, from http//www. army. mil/info/ placement/. Organization. The Official Homepage of the United States Army. Retrieved 21 February 2009, from http//www. army. mil/info/organization/. Powers, R. Army Enlisted Promotion System. Enlisted promotions made simple. Retrieved 21 February 2009, from file///D/httpusmilitary. about.com-cs-armypromotions-a-armypromotions. htm. Soldier Life Advanced Individual Training. Army Strong. Retrieved 21 February 2009, from http//www. goarmy. com/life/advanced_individual_training. jsp. Soldier Life Basic Combat Training. Army Strong. Retrieved 21 February 2009, from http//www. goarmy. com/life/basic/index. jsp. Soldier Life Becoming a Soldier. Army Strong. Retrieved 21 February 2009, from http//www. goarmy. com/life/becoming_a_soldier. jsp. The 233rd United States Army Birthday. The Official Homepage of the United States Army. Retrieved 21 February 2009, from http//www. army. mil/birthday/233/.

Holden’s Transition Into an Adult

There is a moment in every childs keep where he or she realizes that growing up is not as desirable as they once thought. Before this moment they fantasize ab egress not having a bedtime or driving or in the demise being able to drink. But then they feel the weight of the bragging(a) domain with its responsibilities and restrictions of a society that doesnt value the individual and expects its citizens to morph into mature, manageable adults. This is the time parents despise, the time when their children try to rebel or run away to omit their future as adults, simply time, alas, rotternot be outrun.The adult humankind expects some(prenominal) things of its inhabitantsa job, a family, taxes, sex, and much more. Unfortunately, most young adults feel as though they will be crushed under this strange new creation. Holden Caulfield is no different. When we meet Holden and when we leave him at the end of the novel he is in a mental hospital be typesetters case of a recent brea k down. J. D Salingers The Catcher in the Rye is Holdens reflection on the events that led to this mental break down. He is a young adult still severe to hold on to the world of children for as long as he support. The child world is a place with very few things to worry about.It is a place of pureness and a time when allthing is possible. The adult world could not be more different. As Holden is starting to know, the world of adults is cold, un lovingness, and unfair. When sight make the rebirth from children to adults they transform foreverthey fail what society believes acceptable adults to be. Holden is reluctant to make the transition and conform to the adult world because he believes that in conforming he would lose his innocence and disappear. Holden is reluctant to leave his childhood behind because that would mean conforming to the public opinion of what adults should be.There are very few examples of adults in this novel for Holden to see what an exemplary adult i s and does. One of the few adults we meet is Mr. Spencer. Even if Holden doesnt fully respect Mr. Spencer he does standardized the man copious to go and see him before leaving Pency Prep. During that visit Mr. Spencer tells Holden that life is a game that one plays according to the rules if they want to survive in this world (Salinger 8). The chore is Holden has no desire to follow anybodys rules just because some one tells him he has tothere is no reason for Holden to learn faulty and unnecessary rules.Holden believes that life is only if a game for the people who are winning. The winners only believe in the rules because they work for them. Holden, according to Mr. Spencer, is not one of the winners because he wont shut up and do what the adults tell him to do. The thing is, Holden doesnt fully understand what the rules are because Holden doesnt truly understand the world of adults. A spatial relation effect of this, as Peter Shaw points out, is that Holden is most reliable w hen dealing with the world of children, and less reliable when addressing the adult world (Shaw 124).Holden doesnt want to understand the world of adults he doesnt ever intend to enter the game so why should he learn the rules? Holden scoffs at the phonies who suck in succumbed to lifes rules. He only hates these phonies because he is afraid of turning into one himself. All throughout the novel, Holden is reluctant to join the world of adults because he is afraid of ever-changing into something hes not. Literary critic Alsen agrees by saying that Holden is afraid that he is tone ending to turn into a phony of he is forced to feel around them in the near future (Alsen 3).He is out on a date with the queen of phonies Sally Hayes when he reveals how he believes he behind escape the adult world. It is then that he shows us how he believes he is going to escape the adult world he says hes going to cognize in a cabin with a brook and all where he would pretend to be a deaf-mute so he wouldnt have to deal with anybody (Salinger 132). This way, Holden avoids all of the things that would force him to grow up such as a job and relationships with people such as friends and familyin short, society.That, however, wouldnt crystallize anything because he knows deep down that would never happen. Sally points out that his plan is not practical. Holden wouldnt be able to keep himself alive for longer than a week if he just packed up and moved to the wilderness. And he would still need to communicate with adults to get the supplies he wanted even if he did pretend to be a deaf-mute. Sallys flat out refusal of the plan shows the qualities of a sure thinking adult, and that is why he calls her the queen of phoniesbecause shes already acting like an adult.Physiologists say that girls mature faster than boys do so it would make sense that Holden is avoiding the adult world instead or embracing it like Sally. But Holden already knew Sallys personality from previous encounters. Jane, however, he is not too sure about. An other(a) thing that Holden is afraid powerfulness have changed is Jane Gallagher. Throughout the novel Holden is searching for a person to call and almost calls her but time after time he puts it off by saying that hes not in the mood (Salinger 59). Holden doesnt want to call Jane and find out that she has changed since the last time they were together.Holden would rather live with a memory of a girl who wont move the last row of checkers than get to know Jane all over again. Holden doesnt want to face it, but his world is losing its innocenceSally, Jane, and even Holden are maturing, even if it is at different rates. Holden is dimly aware that in the process of losing his innocence he is being dragged into the adult world whether he likes it or not. This losing of innocence has been happening gradually over time and its impossible to stop more often than not because Holden didnt realize it until it was too late.One point in the novel w here Holden becomes aware of this is when he is at Mr. Antolinis dramaturgy. Holden believes that Mr. Antolini is being perverty by making a pass at him when he wakes up to find Mr. Antolini stroking his hair. Holden is at a kind of limbo in his life where he is mature equal to know what a sexual pass is but immature enough to not be able to differentiate that from a warm gesture of caring love (Salinger 192). Holden is scared and confused by this he is actively trying to prevent himself from growing up but the losing of innocence happens with the passage of time and cannot be prevented.The imbalance of maturity and innocence inside of Holden is dangerous and Mr. Antolini can see that thats why he tries to help him. But then Holden misreads Mr. Antolinis intentions and flees his house in an even more desperate state than which he came. Another way his departing innocence is made know to Holden is when he goes to his sisters condition and the history museum after quitting Mr. Anto linis house. He goes inside his sisters schoolhis old schoolwhen he sees the worlds Fuck you on the wall (Salinger 201). after(prenominal) he wipes them off the wall he realize that even if he spent his whole life rubbing Holdens life where he realizes that villainy exists in the world and he cant get rid of it nor protect people from it. The adult world is a nasty place and no one can change that. Then he goes to the museum and once inside he heads for the mummies tombs. These are the final resting places of some ancient and highly respected peopleit is supposed to be a place of peace. However, Holden sees another Fuck you sign written there (Salinger 204).This enforces his revelation he had at the school that there is no escaping the bitterness of the world no matter where he goes. Even though Holden is just realizing these things now, his real changing point is when he saw James move lying dead on the ground after his fatal jump. During the talk Holden has with Mr. Antolini we see some parallels drawn between Holden and James Castle. Mr. Antolini says that he can see Holden dying nobly for a highly unworthy cause, which is exactly what James Castle did (Salinger 188). James died protecting something he said because he believed it to be true, but his death didnt change anything.If Holden carries on like he is hes going the come to the same end James didsuicide. Antolini also lays out a new meaning for maturity that Holden might be able to live with he says that an immature man is one who dies nobly for a cause rather than a mature man who is willing to live humbly for one (Salinger 188). Holden, however, doesnt fully understand what Antolini is saying and just assumes that, like everybody else, Mr. Antolini is trying to turn Holden into something that hes not. Holden cant envision himself living in the adult worlds and as a result, he feels as though he is fading away, soon to be lost forever.A strong moment where Holden is afraid he is going to disappear I when he is talking a walk in peeled York. He feels as though once he steps off of the ledge hes never going to get to the other side of the street and go down, down, down, and no one would ever see him again (Salinger 197). Whenever this happens he prays to Allie, his strongest link to the world of children, that he wont disappear. Allie is symbolic or Holdens childhood because Allie is never going to maturehes dead. Also, Allie died when Holden was at a tender young age, only thirteen, which is the time when puberty is supposed to start (Salinger 38).That is part of the reason why Holden misses Allie so much its because Holdens childhoods disappeared along with Allie. Even the structure of the end of the novel lends evidence to Holdens predicament. At the end of the novel we dont know if Holden is going to be ok, or what he is going to become in future yearsin short, we dont know any more than Holden does. Holdens problem is that he has been trying to change the world to fit hi m, while everybody else is saying that he needs to shape himself to fit the world. Even though Holden ends up in a mental hospital doesnt mean he is crazy.Carl Luce, one of Holdens friends from the many schools he has attended, is the first person in the novel that suggests that Holden gets Psychoanalyzed which, as Trowbridge points out, suggests that the world will not change to Holdens needs, but that he needs to tune his mind to the world (Trowbridge 25). This is exactly what Holden is afraid ofthe whole reason why he is avoiding the adult world is because he wants to stay true to himself. The thing he doesnt realize is that he can do both. There is a way to adapt to the changing world and still remain Holden Caulfield.We, however, never find out if Holden learns this crucial lesson. We do know that as long as Holden remains in New York he will remain confused about the adult world. Holden is baffled by the world that surrounds him when he is in New York because New York is symbo lic of the adult world. As Robert P. Moore points out, the vulgarity of the story comes not from Holden but from his surroundings (Moore 159). Seeing as how Holden spends most of the novel in the adult world, Moore backs up Holdens doctrine that the world of adults is a vile place not fit for the innocent.Another thing that enforces that belief is when Holden is in the hotel and he is watching the people on other floors play these weird sex games like the guy and girl spitting water on each other or the man dressing up in womens clothing. Holden frightened of the adult world because he believes that the adult world destroys the beautiful. This harsh world destroys the beautifully simplistic things in life like a short story about a boy and his goldfish or a perfectly formed snowball. Holden is afraid of his journey from childhood to matureness because he doesnt want to conform to society, disappear, or lose his innocence.The problem is, the process has already begun. Holden is beco ming more aware of the adult world and he does not like what he sees. Holden is being forced into a cruel world that consumes child after child. So, predictably, Holden is trying to run away from the unpleasantness like any scared and misguided person would. Holden is unaccustomed to dealing with the complexities of adult life, and he therefore tries to cling to the simplistic life of a child, simply because he cant deal with this strange new world.And Holden is not alone in his feelings of helplessness and melancholymost every child has felt this way before, at varying degrees. Holden is just has extremely passionate feelings so naturally he feel very strongly about this. Holden believes that the only person he can count on one hundred percent of the time is himself. He doesnt trust people too easily and is an accomplished liar. So naturally he doesnt trust the few people who actually try to help him to ease his way into the adult world, like Mr. Antolini.All Holden sees is a clo p of adults trying to squish him into the mold of a mature, respectable adult. Any young adult would be wary of people trying to impose their will onto themadolescents hate structures that try to stifle their individuality and will do almost anything within their power to actively avoid them. Many people find it strange that children cant wait to grow up but adults spend an eternity trying to regain their youth, but both the children and the adults want the same thing liberty to do what they want when they want.

The Nobel Prize

The Nobel nose is one of the most prestigious awards that a mortal can receive. The history of the Nobel award dates keystone to the 1901. Nobel, Alfred Bernhard is the founder of the Nobel Prize. Nobel, Alfred Bernhard was an inventor, chemist, engineer, writer, and a businessman. He had no children or wife to leave alone his fortune, so he decides to evince an award to honor people for their achievements in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology, Medicine, literary productions and relaxation. Later in 1969 the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences will be added.This paper will dispute the process in choosing a winner. I will also discuss ab extinct just about of the recipients of the overlord prizes and where they receive them. I will also discuss some of the controversial soulfulnesss as closely. The Nobel Prize is a very prestigious award full of history, made to honor men and women for outstanding achievements in physics, chemistry, medicine, books and peace. Nobel, Alfred Bernhard is the founder of the Noble Prize. He was born on October 21, 1833, in Stockholm, Sweden.At the geezerhood of 4 his parents question to Russia and sent him to private tutors were he quickly master chemistry and became fluent in English, French, German, and Russian, and Swedish. At the age of 18, he spent a year in Paris studying chemistry. Then he travel back to Russia to browse at his fathers factory making military equipment for the Crimean War. After the war his fathers factory became bankrupt, this misfortune lead the family to move back to their home in Sweden. There Alfred soon began experimenting with explosives.In 1864, when Alfred was 29, his younger brother Emil and quatern others were killed in a large explosion in the familys Swedish factory. intensely distressed by the incident, Nobel set out to improve a safer explosive. In 1867, he patented a mixture of nitroglycerin, what he named Dynamite. In 1888, Alfreds brother Ludvig died while in France. A French newspaper erroneously published Alfreds obituary instead of Ludvig. The paper condemned Alfred for his invention of dynamite.Provoked by the event and disappointed with how he felt he might be remembered, Nobel set aside a bulk of his estate to establish the Nobel Prizes to honor men and women for outstanding achievements in physics, chemistry, medicine, literature and for their work in peace. On December 10, 1896, in Sanremo, Italy Nobel passes away at age 63. After taxes and bequests to individuals, Nobel gave 31,225,000 Swedish kronor (equivalent to 250 million US dollars in 2008) to fund the prizes. On November 27, 1895, Alfred Nobel signed his last will in Paris.When it was opened and read after his death, the will caused a flock of controversy both in Sweden and internationally, as Nobel had left much of his wealth for the establishment of a prize. His family contrasted the establishment of the Nobel Prize, and the prize awarders he named refused to do what he had requested in his will. There was much pass on about the legality of Nobels will since it wasnt written by an attorney, he made it himself and had four witnesses sign. The awarders waited till they knew the outcome of the legitimacy of his Will.It took five years before the first Nobel Prize could be awarded in 1901. In this will Nobels assign four different awarders institutes or Academy to choose equal persons. The first was the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for Physics and Chemistry. The second is the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institute for Physiology or Medicine. The third is the Swedish Academy for Literature. The last was a committee of five persons to be elected by the Norwegian Parliament for the Nobel Peace Prize. Nobels biggest request for this award is that best candidates wins regardless of their race. It is my express invite that in present the prizes no consideration whatever shall be given to the nationality of the candidates, but that the most creditable s hall receive the prize, whether he be a Scandinavian or not. (Alfred Bernhard Nobel) This was very important to Nobel that the prize is awarded to the person or persons that has help improved mankind. The Nobel Organizational Structure is comprised of several organization and institutions, with their own tasks and purposes. The following organizations work to stand byher to carry out the process of financing to informing the public.The following organizations are the Nobel Foundation, Nobel Prize prize institutions, Nobel Foundation Rights Association, Nobel Media, Nobel Museum, and the Nobel Peace Center Foundation. The Nobel Foundation is in heyday of financing the Nobel Prize, in accordance with the will of Alfred Nobel. The Nobel Prize Awarding Institutions has the task of selecting the Nobel Laureates (someone who has won a prize for their achievements), is entirely controlled by the Nobel Prize awarding institutions. These Nobel Prize awarding institutions are mention earli er in this essay.The Nobel Foundation Rights Association is in charge of informing the public regarding the Nobel Laureates and their achievements. The Nobel Foundation Rights Association was established in 1999. This non-profit association has an overall function as the overseer for the following units Nobel Media manages and develops media rights connected with the Nobel Prize, in the areas of TV and web production, distribution, publishing and events to reach a demesne(prenominal) audience. Nobel Museum displays a century of creativity through the Nobel Prize and the achievements of the Nobel Laureates.The Nobel Museum is located in the Old Town in Stockholm, Sweden. Finally the Nobel Peace Center Foundation is an institution aimed at presenting the Nobel Peace Prize and the work of the Nobel Peace Prize laureates. It is comprised of five persons elected by the Norwegian Parliament. The Nobel Peace Center is located in Oslo, Norway. separately year at the beginning of October the Nobel Laureates are announce. Then on 10 December which is the anniversary of Alfred Nobels death, they receive their prizes from the Swedish King. They receive a Nobel diploma, a medal, and 10 million Swedish crowns (US $1. 6 million) per prize. solely Nobel Prizes are awarded in Stockholm, Sweden, except for the Nobel Peace Prize, which is awarded in Oslo, Norway. So how does one a person get nominated, in order for a person to become a nominee they must be chosen by one of the awarding institutions or be nominated by a Nobel Laureates. The process for the nominee is very long. First they must receive a letter from the awarding institutions, they usage send out about three thousand letters to candidates in Sept. Then the candidate must respond back by February, the following year.Then the awarding institution screens the candidates, and by the beginning of October the Nobel Prize Laureates are announce. And on December 10th of that year they receive their Nobel Prize of the ir field. In 1901, the first person to receive the Nobel Prize was Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen for the discovery of the X-ray. He was a German physicist, who, on 8 November 1895, produced and detected electromagnetic radiation in a wavelength range today known as X-rays or Rontgen rays, an achievement that earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901. Squires Fundamentals of Radiology) Along with Wilhelm Conrad there are many other cracking people that engender received the Nobel Prize like Albert Einstein, for his many contributions to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the jurisprudence of the photoelectric effect (lights are particle form and not a wave).Then there is chair Theodore Roosevelt received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1905, for his efforts in mediating the Russian-Japanese dispute. In 1979, Mother Teresa was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for promoting world peace and helping the needed. Mother Teresa deserves Nobels Peace Prize because she prom otes peace in the most fundamental manner, by her confirmation of the inviolability of human dignity. (President of the World Bank, Robert MacNamara) Mother Teresa really brings goodness in people. There have been controversial Nobel Peace Prize awarded to people in the past for example in 2009, President Barack Obama, for his laughable efforts to strengthen international diplomacy and cooperation between peoples(The Nobel Peace Prize 2009).The Past Peace Prize laureates were divided, some saying that President Obama deserved the award, and others saying he had not yet earned it. Due to the fact that he was nominated only 11 days after he became president. Another controversial person who is currently a nominee for the Nobel Peace Prize is Bradley Manning, the U. S. Army private charged with the biggest leak of sort out information in U. S. history. According to news sources PVT Manning reason for leaking the classified information was to expose the wrongs he seen in documents and videos done by the Army in the Iraq war.He is currently in a military prison awaiting trial. The Nobel Prize is full of history of great men and women that have contributed to help mankind in the areas of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology, Medicine, Literature, and Peace. I believe that Alfred Nobel would be proud of the good that has come out of the recognition of the Nobel Prize. To promote peace and well fair to mankind. To recognize man and women for their outstanding achievements to help mankind. Before this research paper I notion there was only a Nobel Prize for peace only, but now I am much informed about the whole process and history.Works CitedNovelline, Robert. Squires Fundamentals of Radiology. Harvard University Press. 5th edition. 1997.Schck, H. et al. Nobel. The Man and His Prizes Edited by the Nobel FoundationThe Nobel Peace Prize 2009. Nobelprize.org. 7 Mar 2012 http//www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes

Interrail Pass Integrated Marketing Communication Plan Essay

The main difference betwixt the EuRail and the InterRail is simply based on the close torsaultingengers country of residency. The EuRail is in stock(predicate) to residents of a non- europiuman country and the InterRail is available for atomic number 63an residents except. You stinkpot be eligible for the InterRail if you collapse been a resident in a European country for at least 6 months. EuRail and InterRail Passes atomic number 18 widely ben as the best cart track passes in Europe, having the ability of flexibility by its openhanded range of options. The main sense of hearing in the trade send off for the InterRail be a highly 74% youth, having the highest sales in UK, Germany, Switzerland, Spain and Sweden.The InterRail Global Pass, valid for live on in 30 European countries, is still and rest for the 5 year the well-nigh popular option among the earshot of youth travellers under 26 age old. provided deep down the Global pass, there is dominance for the co mpromising travel. Due that is in high demand, it is clearly visible that the 10 travel days within 22 days is the almost popular harvest for travellers not wishing to travel e reallyday of their vacations. One landed estate pass argon Italy and Germany that combined form 62% of the grocery share. EuRail root word reports an audience of all over 248,000 Europeans explored Europe by teach.The biggest chroma that InterRail has it that is a unique selling product in within the travel market. on that point is no other kind of pass similar to the InterRail, gravid a huge proceeds on the market come out. Their only competition in a certain instruction leave behind be the airlines, giving in around cases cheaper tickets or having a faster route. Other mayor intensiveness is they engage collected all of the companies their users are more likely to need in their travels, and create a partnership amongst them, giving the user benefits and promotions in their services and products.A weakness for the product is that the learns can be highly confvictimization for the people that beget at never before use them, making that niche of the audience like that actual airplanes. Also there is an speculation in the internet about, the difficulties there are when booking a train with the pass. The Opportunities in within this product result always be to drive as more stopping points as possible. In within the travel market, the best progressncy willing deem you every place you want to go. Creating for InterRail, only a matter of agreements and routes to increase the diversification in the audience and options for the users.A holy terror that I represent on the market was the airplane because they can travel over seas, giving the advantage in well-nigh determined routes moderates less age to arrive to the destination rather than the trains, making them olfaction slower and therefore not functional. The Main objectives of the InterRail are to crea te, manage and target the increasingly comprehensive InterRail passes. working(a) to gene respect widespread awareness of the benefits of rail travel for the traveller. One of the foodstuffing Communication Strategies the product will be using is to emphasis on the brand differentiation with the airplanes.Letting know our audience and market, the benefits of using a train and with that, the InterRail. In here, the plan is to include us and other companies in a generic campaign, fighting for the environment. This would help the market to know, that using a train is more environmental friendly. Current Market Situation When the premiere InterRail Pass was launched on March 1, 1972 it was managed in conjunction by a large number of train and shipping companies. These companies were starting the business of an overall pass that could unite the traveling get word and save m 1y traveling by train at the same time.In 2001, the EuRail Group was conventional as an organization dedicated to the marketing and management of the EuRail pass. The EuRail Group is wholly owned by the dynamic railways and shipping companies with key decisions being taken by the board, consisting of eight appointed member railways. In addition, the Group has many benefit partners, including hotels, transport companies, and museums, which offer their services either at a reduced rate or free of charge for rail, pass holders. In 2007 the EuRail group took over the InterRail pass, to give a more commercial focus.The Market of the InterRail has existed since 1972 there have been several changes. The starting time InterRail ticket was targeted towards backpacking students under the age of 21 travelling more or less Europe on a limited budget and cost around 118 euros. The age limit for availing of an InterRail holiday increased from 21 to 23 in 1976 and rose to 26 long time in 1979. InterRail targets its rail passes to European residents of all ages and budgets. The highest sales originate in the UK, Germany, Switzerland, Spain and Sweden. Around 74% of InterRail customers are youth, under the age of 26.The proportion of three-year-old travellers is higher for the InterRail Global Pass 79,7% of customers are youth. For the One soil Pass, this proportion is 62,1%.. EuRail Group reports a positive full year of sales for the fifth year running. They had over 248,000 Europeans explored Europe by train. Compared to 2010, the month-to-month sales followed a similar pattern that on 2010. But there were some changes in the months of April and May. These two months were more productive than last year, having a positive sale of 11% for April and 14% ripening in May.Also there has been and increase on online sales if InterRail passes, being a 25% amount of the descend sales. The InterRail Global Pass, valid for travel in 30 European countries, is still and remains for the 5 year the most popular option among the audience of youth travellers under 26 years old. But within the Gl obal pass, there is dominance for the flexible travel. Due that is in high demand, it is clearly visible that the 10 travel days within 22 days is the most popular product for travellers not wishing to travel everyday of their vacations. In second hand, we have the InterRail one country pass, besides having a significant increase of 5. % in sales.The most popular destinations for traveling with the One Country pass are Italy and Germany that combined form 62% of the market share. The Travellers purchasing this pass are interested in visiting one particular country and explore it in depth. The EuroRail Group estimates to see continued growth for the InterRail passes, even with the challenging current European economic state. Mr. de Groot, Managing Director of the EuRail Group said Whilst growth remained spiritless for the InterRail Global Pass, we still welcomed an additional 5. 00 passengers last year. This reconfirms that InterRail Passes are still an excellent way to explore Eur ope.We are therefore confident that InterRail sales will continue to grow in the years to come as more and more Europeans discover the real value for money this pass represents SWOT and Market depth psychology In the SWOT analysis we get to describe the strategic planning method used to gauge the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats that are involved in a business venture. The analysis divides into two many factors, essential and External.The Internal factors are the strengths and the weakness of the organization. The External factors are the Opportunities and Threats presented by the external environment to the organization. One of the biggest Strengths of the InterRail is that the EuRail Group has total control over the market, as I see it, its a Monopoly. I research for a competition pass, another company that was doing something similar, but I found none. This is because the EuRail Group belongs to the most powerful train companies in Europe, leaving no market spac e for any other company to equal their promotions.Their only competition in a certain way will be the airlines, giving in some cases cheaper tickets or having a faster route. But they make sure their costumers get what there are look for, and that will be discount and saving money. EuRail Group has many benefit partners, including hotels, transport companies, and museums. This is another strength for the InterRail they have gathered all of the companies their users are more likely to need in their travels, creating a microenvironment among them. Some benefits InterRail pass holders have are discounted and free ferry travels on various European crossings.An role model can be, that the pass holder can travel free in a ferry betwixt Italy and Greece and even can stop off in the Island of Corfu with no charges. Another strength the InterRail pass is the reputation it has in its marketplace. Since Ive been to Europe in 2009 to travel with pass, every person I know from then, that ha s a relatively experience in travel in Europe or has been planning to do so in the near future, has the perception that the InterRail pass is the best way to travel, not only to get to know all of Europe in a short amount of time, but also a way to do explore and save money for other things.Another strength that InterRail has compared to airlines is that most of the stations are in the heart of the city, making it easy to move when arriving to your destination. As everything in life, there are strengths and weaknesses. The catchy part about describing a weakness in this product is that they are the only product for this market. But there are a few we can talk about. One of the first weaknesses I found when starting to research was that at first, the InterRail was design for young people to get to travel around Europe for a low amount of money.But things have change, since the beginning of the InterRail the pass has been changing its rules to travel. At first there was only a global pass, an unlimited month, were you can get in any train you want in the determined month you selected. But know, there is a different story. InterRail has now up score(a) into several passes. Creating a new and different way to travel, having more options, because Europe had been divided into areas. However, some young people believe that the new-zoned tickets have destroyed the original InterRail concept, which allowed unlimited travel over a set period.Leaving the impression that the InterRail is to make profits, and not to help the traveler. Another weakness that I discover was the airplanes. As I began to research, general population of the InterRail had some problems with the booking of trains, they said that they didnt know that some trains compulsory to be booked in advance or they didnt know the difference within the ones you have to book or the ones who dont. Creating an opinion that is safer to go in plane because you have secure you place in the plane when buying your ticket.Another weakness the InterRail has the trains cant leave the tracks, therefore having to create first the route with track to make the journey possible. The External factor of the InterRail are to be consider, these factors determine the plaza and structure EuRail Group has to market to be well placed in within the market. The opportunities InterRail has in the market are beginning to getting achieved. As you have read, the InterRail only moves within Europe. But what about Morocco, Libya, Iran Saudi Arabia or even better Mexico.The Opportunities in within this product will always be to get as more destinations as possible. In within the travel market, the best agency will take you every place you want to go. Creating for InterRail, only a matter of agreements and routes to increase the diversification in the audience and options for the users. Another Opportunity the InterRail can have, to create another kind of pass called The Group.This pass will have an itinerary and a trip already planed with nticipation, but the user gets to travel all the time with a group of 10 people, creating the experience of getting to know a new country or city with new people. Therefore the InterRail will become something more than just a pass, but the originator of a full experience trip. The Threats to this organization, the EuRail Group, has been and always be the airplane market. Because of that, the airlines become a direct adversary for the InterRail. This other different market basically does the same but has its difference.In the general outcome of airplanes, at first were considered annoying because of the separation between the city and the airport, the check in for the baggage and the long postponement hours to clime the plane. But all of this has given the InterRail some fight. Another advantage of the plane is that they can travel over seas, giving the advantage in some determined routes takes less time to arrive to the destination rather than the trains , making them look slower and therefore not functional.When booking a flight within 3 or more weeks in advance is a threat for the InterRail, because the airlines can assure very low prices. Another threat that came to me researching the airplanes market was the very low prices they can have in some flights. There is a website called lastminute. com, this website has flights opened at the last minute, 3 days before departure in some cases, and are sold at low prices. Another possible threat is the organization of the most powerful bus companies in Europe.Imagine creating the same pass the trains have, but creating a network of buses that could take you every were you want in the continent. Creating a similar but profitable competition for the InterRail a much cheaper way to travel in within Europe. This could be a niche even smaller than the one InterRail actually posses but can be a start, for the pass to be knowledgeable in the market place. As a general market analysis, the Inter Rail is in great positioning on the travel market. better-looking the ability to travel all around Europe for a low cost, providing destination to every corner.The strength of the product makes it an incomparable experience, due to the factor that is an network of companies that have to share the expenses on the railing, and by that case, created an group for that same reason. As for the railing, its part of it weakness because of the fact that a railway route has to be do in order to create the destination, but what about those destination, not much frequent, but get to have a share in the audience options. Will it be profitable to have that destination will it be profitable to have the railroad made?There is a lot to be notice in this market but the most intriguing part of all its future are the opportunities they have to become bigger, to expand to different countries to different continents. Also the rapid innovation on train machinery makes the trains arrive faster at their destination and become more profitable an even more environmental friendly. For last, the most direct competitors for the InterRail are the airlines. They can have lower prices for longer destination, creating a disadvantage for the InterRail. Also can be considering the conjunction of the bus owners, having the same effect as the EuRail Group.